Learn how to describe people and things in Cebuano using the versatile prefix “Pagka”. This video will teach you how to express exclamations and describe qualities like “beautiful” or “kind”. We’ll also cover key vocabulary from the dialogue, including
“pangasaw-onon” (bride) and
“ginikanan” (parents). Master the use of
“Pagka” to sound more like a native speaker!
Learn how to describe people and things in Cebuano using the versatile prefix “Pagka”. This video will teach you how to express exclamations and describe qualities like “beautiful” or “kind”. We’ll also cover key vocabulary from the dialogue, including
“pangasaw-onon” (bride) and
“ginikanan” (parents). Master the use of
“Pagka” to sound more like a native speaker!
VOCABULARY
Directions: Listen and repeat after your teacher.
GABII
- part of speech: noun
- meaning: evening; night
- when to use it: when referring to the part of the day after sunset and before sunrise. it is also used in the greeting “maayong gabii” (good evening / good night).
- example sentences:
- manan-aw mig salida karong gabii. (we will watch a movie tonight.)
- tugnaw ang panahon kung gabii. (the weather is cold at night.)
PA
- part of speech: adverb / particle
- meaning: still; yet; more; else
- when to use it: it is used to indicate that an action is still ongoing or hasn’t happened yet (the opposite of “na,” which means “already”). it is also used to signify addition, like asking for “more” of something or asking “who else?”.
- example sentences:
- nagtrabaho pa siya. (he/she is still working.)
- gusto ko og usa pa ka ice cream. (i want one more ice cream.)
KATO
- part of speech: demonstrative pronoun / adjective
- meaning: that; those (referring to something far away)
- when to use it: when referring to a person, object, or event that is distant from both the speaker and the listener, either in space or in the remote past.
- example sentences:
- kang kinsa ang kato nga awto sa layo? (whose car is that in the distance?)
- nahinumdom ka adtong kato nga adlaw? (do you remember that day from long ago?)
MOABOT
- part of speech: verb
- meaning: will arrive; will come
- when to use it: when you are expressing the future action of someone or something arriving at a place.
- example sentences:
- moabot ang akong pamilya ugma. (my family will arrive tomorrow.)
- kanus-a moabot ang eroplano gikan sa manila? (when will the airplane from manila arrive?)
NIYA
- part of speech: pronoun
- meaning: 1. (possessive) his; her; its. 2. (as the actor of the verb) by him; by her.
- when to use it: it is used to show that something belongs to someone (his/her). it is also used to indicate the person who did the action when the verb’s focus is on the object.
- example sentences:
- nindot ang sinina niya. (her/his dress is beautiful.)
- gikaon niya ang tanang pagkaon. (he/she ate all the food.)
MOLAHUS
- part of speech: verb
- meaning: will proceed; will go through; will pass by
- when to use it: when expressing the future action of going directly to a destination, sometimes implying you will pass by or through another place without stopping.
- example sentences:
- human sa atong paniudto, molahus ta sa mall. (after our lunch, we will proceed to the mall.)
- molahus lang ko sa inyo inig pauli nako. (i’ll just pass by your place on my way home.)
RA
- part of speech: adverb / particle
- meaning: just; only
- when to use it: it is used to add a sense of limitation to a word or phrase. it often implies that something is simple, exclusive, or of a small amount.
- example sentences:
- usa ra ang akong gipalit. (i bought only one.)
- okay ra ko, ayaw kabalaka. (i’m just fine, don’t worry.)
MI (KAMI)
- part of speech: pronoun
- meaning: we; us (exclusive)
- when to use it: when referring to the speaker and their group, but excluding the person being spoken to. “mi” is the short form used before a verb, while “kami” is the longer, emphatic form.
- example sentences:
- moadto mi sa mall unya. (we are going to the mall later.)
- kami ang mobayad sa panihapon. (we will be the one to pay for dinner.)
SA
- part of speech: preposition / case marker
- meaning: in; on; at; to; of; ‘s (possessive)
- when to use it: it is a multi-purpose word used to indicate a relationship, such as location (at/in/on the house), time (on monday), possession (the dog’s toy), or direction (to the store).
- example sentences:
- naa siya sa eskwelahan. (he/she is at the school.)
- kana ang balay sa akong amigo. (that is the house of my friend.)
SUNOD
- part of speech: adjective; adverb; verb
- meaning: next; following; after; to follow; to obey
- when to use it: when indicating something is next in a sequence or in time. it can also be used as a verb to mean the act of following someone or obeying an instruction.
- example sentences:
- kinsa ang sunod sa linya? (who is next in line?)
- ayaw pag-sunod nako. (don’t follow me.)
ADLAW
- part of speech: noun
- meaning: day; sun
- when to use it: when referring to a day of the week, the period of time between sunrise and sunset, or the sun in the sky. the context of the sentence determines the meaning.
- example sentences:
- nindot kaayo ang adlaw karon. (it’s a very beautiful day today.)
- init kaayo ang sikat sa adlaw. (the rays of the sun are very hot.)
NA
- part of speech: adverb / particle
- meaning: now; already; anymore (in negative statements)
- when to use it: it is used to indicate a change of state, signifying that an action has already begun or been completed. it is the opposite of “pa” (still/yet). it can also be used in commands to add a sense of immediacy.
- example sentences:
- niabot na ang bus. (the bus has already arrived.)
- kaon na ta. (let’s eat now.)
MOANHI
- part of speech: verb
- meaning: will come; will come here
- when to use it: when you are expressing the future action of someone or something coming towards the speaker’s location.
- example sentences:
- moanhi ba ka sa akong adlaw nga natawhan? (will you come here to my birthday party?)
- kanus-a moanhi ang imong mga ginikanan? (when will your parents come here?)
BALAY
- part of speech: noun
- meaning: house; home
- when to use it: when referring to a house as a building or to the concept of one’s home.
- example sentences:
- dako ug nindot ang ilang balay. (their house is big and beautiful.)
- mopauli na ko sa balay. (i will go home now.)
Flashcards
DIALOGUE PRACTICE
Leah’s foreign boyfriend is coming to the Philippines.
English
Joyce: Leah, has your boyfriend already arrived?
Jen: Not yet. He will arrive in the evening.
Joyce: What time is his flight/trip?
Jen: His flight/trip was this noon/afternoon.
Joyce: Then, what time will you go to the airport?
Jen: I will go there in the evening because he will be in the immigration for a long time.
Joyce: Will they be interviewed too?
Jen: I think they’re just being asked if what they are doing here, and how many days they are going to stay. Such questions like that.
Joyce: Is it really like that?
Jen: Yes, then the line is too long because there are already many foreigners coming to the Philippines.
Joyce: Then, will you directly come here in your house?
Jen: No. When he arrives, we’ll just go directly to the hotel. So he can take a rest because traveling is tiring too.
Joyce: It’s really tiring because he has a long trip.
Jen: Yes. We will just come in the house the next day.
Joyce: Give me chocolate, Jen! hahaha
Jen: Yes, I will just call you.
Cebuano
Joyce: Leah, naabot na imong uyab?
Jen: Wala pa. Inig-gabii pa to moabot.
Joyce: Unsa orasa iyang biyahe?
Jen: Ganihang udto iyang biyahe.
Joyce: Unya unsa ka orasa moadto sa irport?
Jen: Inig-gabii na ko moadto didto kay madugay pa na siya sa imigrasyon (paglalin).
Joyce: Interbyuhon sad diay na sila?
Jen: Murag pangutan-on ra na sila kung mag-unsa sila diri, pila sila kaadlaw moistar diri. Mga ingun ana nga mga pangutana ba.
Joyce: Ingun ana diay na?
Jen: O, unya taas-taas pa jud na ang linya kay daghan naman ang mga langyaw nga nangari sa Pinas.
Joyce: Unya molahus ra mo diri sa inyoha?
Jen: Dili. Inig-abot niya molahos mi sa hotel. Aron makapahuway sad siya kay kapoy baya ang biyahe.
Joyce: Kapoy jud kay taas-taas iyang biyahe.
Jen: O. Inig-sunod adlaw na mi moanhi sa balay.
Joyce: Panghatag og tsokolet Jen ha! hahaha
Jen: O oi motawag ra unya ko nimo.
LESSON
The prefix ”inig” indicates time. This prefix is properly used with future tense.
For examples:
- Inig-gabii pa to moabot. –
He will (still) arrive in the evening. - Inig-abot niya molahus ra mi sa hotel. –
When he arrives, we’ll just go directly to the hotel. - Inig-sunod adlaw na mi moanhi sa balay.
We will just come in the house the next day.
COMPREHENSION QUIZ
- How do we say ‘in the next day’ in Cebuano?
a. inig-gabii
b. inig-buntag
c. inig-sunod adlaw
d. inig-sunod semana. - What does the prefix ”inig” implies to?
a. the future tense
b. the past tense
c. the present tense
d. the past progressive tense. - Does the prefix ”inig” indicates the future time?
a. No
b. Yes.
c. Maybe
d. None of the above - How do we say ‘inig-abot’ in Cebuano?
a. when someone eats
b. when someone walks
c. when someone talks
d. when someone arrives - What’s the Cebuano of ”foreigner”?
a. tawo
b. bata
c. langyaw
d. higala
EXERCISE
Arrange the words to make sentences.
- moanhi / adlaw / sa / Inig-sunod / mi / balay / na
- iyang / Unsa / biyahe / orasa / ?
- to / Inig-gabii / moabot / pa
- sad / sila / Interbyuhon / na / diay / ?
- molahus / hotel / niya / ra / sa / mi / Inig-abot
REVIEW
Directions: Let’s use the prefix ” inig ” you’ve learned during the lesson and make some sentences.For example:
Inig-gabii pa to moabot. – He will (still) arrive in the evening.
- –
- –
- –
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