1 Part of speech, core meaning, and example sentences
Predicate order – Conjugated andam precedes the clitic actor-pronoun:
Mo-andam ko sa panihapon karong gabii.
I’ll prepare dinner tonight.
Example sentences
- Mo-andam ko ug mga papel una sa miting. — I’ll prepare the papers before the meeting.
- Nag-andam sila sa venue alang sa kasal. — They are preparing the venue for the wedding.
- Gi-andaman sa mama ang bata ug baon. — The mother prepared lunch for the child.
2 Verb derivations of andam
| Form | Voice & aspect | Typical translation | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|
| mag-andam | Actor-focus, habitual / future | “will usually prepare” | Mag-andam siya ug lesson plan kada gabii. |
| mo-andam | Actor-focus, non-past / imperative | “will prepare; prepare!” | Mo-andam ta karon, ha. |
| nag-andam | Actor-focus, progressive | “is / was preparing” | Nag-andam ko pag-tawag nimo. |
| ni-andam / mi-andam | Actor-focus, completed past | “prepared” | Ni-andam sila sa reports kagahapon. |
| gi-andam | Patient-focus, completed past | “was prepared (by …)” | Gi-andam sa chef ang dessert. |
| andamon (-on) | Patient-focus, future / imp. | “to be prepared / prepare it” | Andamon nato ang venue ugma. |
| andaman / andami (-an / -i) | Locative / beneficiary | “to prepare for / prepare at” | Andami ko palihog ug kape. |
3 Sentence slot
- Actor focus: Mo-andam ko ug materials.
- Patient focus: Gi-andam ang presentasyon kagabi-i.
- Locative / beneficiary focus: Andami siya ug snacks.
4 Common collocations
- andam sa exam — ready for the exam
- mag-andam og sud-an — cook/prepare viand
- walay andam — unprepared
- gi-andam sa staff — prepared by the staff
- andamon nga checklist — checklist to prepare
5 Detailed usage notes
- Verb vs. adjective – As a verb “to prepare,” as an adjective “ready”: andam na ko — “I’m ready.”
- Scope – Used for physical prep (andam ug lamesa), mental readiness (andam sa test), or events (andam sa bagyo).
- Markers – ug/og for items prepared (mo-andam ko og snacks), sa for purpose/place (nag-andam sila sa balay).
- Beneficiary suffix – -an/-i marks who you ready something for: andami ko ug kape (“prepare coffee for me”).
- Reduplication – andam-andam implies light or gradual preparations.
6 Common mistakes & cautions
| Error | Issue | Correct form |
|---|---|---|
| Mo-andam ako ug report. | Clitic pronoun misplaced. | Mo-andam ko ug report. |
| Gi-andam ko ang venue. | gi- requires genitive actor (ni / sa). | Gi-andam ni ko ang venue. |
| Andamon ta siya! | Beneficiary command needs andami. | Andami siya! |
| Nag-andam sa party | Missing actor pronoun. | Nag-andam kami sa party. |
7 Conversational phrases
- “Andam na ka?” — “Are you ready?”
- “Andama daan ang dokumento.” — “Prepare the document beforehand.”
- “Wala pa ko ma-andam.” — “I’m not ready yet.”
- “Mo-andam ta og plano B.” — “Let’s prepare a plan B.”
- “Ayaw kabalaka, andam na tanan.” — “Don’t worry, everything’s prepared.”
8 Short everyday conversations
- A: Andam na ka molakaw? — Ready to leave?
B: Oo, gi-andam na nako akong bag. — Yes, I’ve prepared my bag. - A: Nag-andam pa ka sa presentation? — Are you still preparing the presentation?
B: Oo, hapit na mahuman. — Yes, almost done. - A: Andami ko ug kape, palihog. — Please prepare me some coffee.
B: Sige, mokaon sa ta samtang nag-brewing. — Sure, let’s eat while it’s brewing. - A: Ni-andam ka ba ug payong? — Did you bring an umbrella?
B: Wala, abi nako dili mo-ulan. — No, I thought it wouldn’t rain. - A: Mag-andam na ta sa exam schedule? — Shall we get ready for the exam schedule?
B: Sakto, mag-review ta karong weekend. — Right, let’s review this weekend.
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