baligya

1 Part of speech, core meaning, sentence position, and example sentences

Part of speech
- Verb (root): baligya — “to sell, offer for sale”
- Common noun: baligya — “merchandise, goods for sale”
Typical predicate order
The conjugated verb heads the predicate and any short actor pronoun follows it: Mo-baligya ko ug prutas karon.
“I will sell fruit now.”
Example sentences (bullet list with English translations and full parts-of-speech breakdown)
- Mo-baligya ko ug isda sa merkado ugma. — I will sell fish in the market tomorrow.
  - Mo-baligya — Verb, actor focus, future aspect
  - ko — Personal pronoun, first-person singular clitic (actor)
  - ug — Object-marker particle
  - isda — Common noun (patient, indefinite)
  - sa — Locative-marker particle
  - merkado — Common noun (location)
  - ugma — Adverb “tomorrow”
- Nag-baligya sila sa tinapay sa kanto. — They are selling the bread at the corner.
  - Nag-baligya — Verb, actor focus, progressive aspect
  - sila — Personal pronoun, third-person plural (actor)
  - sa — Object-marker particle (definite)
  - tinapay — Common noun (patient, definite)
  - sa — Locative-marker particle
  - kanto — Common noun (location)
- Gi-baligya ni Ana ang iyang bisikleta kagahapon. — Her bicycle was sold by Ana yesterday.
  - Gi-baligya — Verb, patient focus, past aspect
  - ni — Genitive marker for personal names
  - Ana — Proper noun (actor)
  - ang — Subject-marker particle
  - iyang bisikleta — Noun phrase (patient)
  - kagahapon — Adverb “yesterday”

2 Principal verb derivations

Form	Focus & aspect	Standard translation	Sample sentence
mag-baligya	Actor focus, habitual / future	“be regularly selling”	Mag-baligya sila ug gulay kada buntag. — They sell vegetables every morning.
mo-baligya	Actor focus, non-past / imperative	“will sell; sell!”	Mo-baligya ta sa t-shirt karon. — Let’s sell the T-shirt now.
nag-baligya	Actor focus, progressive / recent past	“is / was selling”	Nag-baligya siya og online courses. — She is selling online courses.
mi-baligya / ni-baligya	Actor focus, completed past	“sold”	Ni-baligya ko ug libro kagabii. — I sold a book last night.
gi-baligya	Patient focus, completed past	“was sold (by …)”	Gi-baligya sa kompanya ang lote. — The lot was sold by the company.
baligya-on (-on)	Patient focus, future / imperative	“to be sold / sell it”	Baligya-on nato ang lumang gamit. — We will sell the old items.
baligya-an (-an)	Locative / beneficiary focus	“to sell to / at”	Baligya-i sila ug mas ubos nga presyo. — Sell to them at a lower price.

3 Common phrases

baligya ug isda — sell fish
baligya sa online — sell online
presyo sa baligya — selling price
gi-baligya nga balay — house for sale
mag-baligya og ukay-ukay — run a thrift stall

4 Detailed usage notes

Actor focus dominates retail talk – Daily speech usually employs mo-baligya, nag-baligya, etc., when the seller is primary.
Object markers – Use ug/og with nonspecific goods (baligya og prutas), sa when definite (baligya sa prutas nga imong gipalit).
Locative / beneficiary focus (-an) – baligya-an / baligya-i highlights whom or where you sell: baligya-i ko ug ticket — “sell me a ticket.”
As a noun – baligya can mean merchandise or any item for sale: daghang baligya sa tiangge — “many goods at the bazaar.”
Reduplication – baligya-baligya can imply peddling or small-scale street vending.

5 Common mistakes and things to watch out for

Mistake	Issue	Correct form
Mo-baligya ako ug kanding.	Actor clitic out of place.	Mo-baligya ko ug kanding.
Gi-baligya ko ang sakyanan.	With gi-, actor must be genitive (ni / sa).	Gi-baligya ni ko ang sakyanan.
Baligya-on ta siya!	Imperative needs addressee suffix for beneficiary focus.	Baligya-i siya!

6 Short everyday conversations

A: Unsa imong baligya karon? — What are you selling today?
B: Mo-baligya ko ug suman ug bibingka. — I’m selling suman and bibingka.
A: Nag-baligya ba sila og second-hand phones? — Are they selling second-hand phones?
B: Oo, barato ra pud ang presyo. — Yes, the price is also cheap.
A: Baligya-i ko palihog ug duha ka kilo nga manga. — Please sell me two kilos of mangoes.
B: Sige, mao ni ang bag-ong ani. — Sure, these are freshly harvested.
A: Nganong wala ka ni-baligya sa online shop? — Why didn’t you sell on the online shop?
B: Guba akong internet gahapon. — My internet was down yesterday.
A: Mag-baligya ta og lemonade inig summer? — Shall we sell lemonade come summer?
B: Sige, nindot na nga ideya. — Sure, that’s a good idea.

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