dia, adia

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English – “dia / adia”

Part of speech & core meaning
• Locative existential-demonstrative particle 
• Introduces or points out something right here by the speaker.
  • dia – “here is / are …” (neutral)
  • adia – slightly fuller or emphatic form, often used when handing or showing something: “here you are / right here!”

Contracted forms
• In quick speech you often hear ’di-a (for dia) and ’dia ra (“just right here”).
adia can shrink to ’dia after motion verbs (ari ’dia!).

Where it sits in a sentence
• Always at the very start of the predicate, followed immediately by the noun or pronoun you’re pointing to.

  • Dia si Ana – “Here is Ana.”
  • Adia ra ang libro. – “The book is right here.”

Common collocations

  • dia si ___ – here is ___
  • dia ang ___ – here’s the ___
  • adia ra – it’s just here
  • ari ’dia! – come, here it is!
  • dia diay – oh, it’s here after all

Detailed usage

  1. Presenting something – when you locate or show an item/person: Dia ang susi “Here’s the key.”
  2. Calling attention – often with diay for surprise: Dia diay ka! “Oh, you’re here!”
  3. Hand-over situationsAdia! while giving an object to someone.
  4. Cannot take a preposition; for “in/on here” use dinhi or diri.

Common mistakes
• Putting a place phrase right after dia (❌ dia sa mesa…). Use naa sa mesa or restructure.
• Using dia for something far: use naa/ara diha (listener side) or tu-a/didto (far).
• Omitting the article or name after dia (❌ dia sa). A subject must follow immediately.

Example sentences

Cebuano sentenceEnglish meaningBreakdown
Dia si Carlos sa gawas.Carlos is out here.dia (LOC-EXIST) here-is • si (MARK) pn-subject • Carlos (PN) Carlos • sa (PREP) at • gawas (N) outside
Adia ra ang imong kape.Your coffee is right here.adia (LOC-EXIST) here-is • ra (PART) just • ang (ART) the • imong (DET) your • kape (N) coffee
Dia diay ang kwarta nga gipangita nimo.Here’s the money you were looking for!dia (LOC-EXIST) here-is • diay (PART) surprise • ang (ART) the • kwarta (N) money • nga (LINK) that • gipangita (V-PTCP) looked-for • nimo (PR) you

日本語 –「dia / adia」

品詞と基本的意味
• 場所指示の存在詞(指示詞+存在動詞)
dia – 「ここに〜がいる/ある」
adia – やや強調形。「はい、これです/まさにここ!」

短縮形
• 速い会話で ’di-a, ’dia ra(すぐここ)
adia’dia に短縮されることも

語順(文中の位置)
• 必ず述語の 先頭 に置き、その直後に対象を置く。
 例:Dia si Ana(ここにアナがいる)
• 場所句を直接続けることはできない。

よく使うフレーズ

  • dia si ___ – ___ がここにいる
  • dia ang ___ – ___ がここにある
  • adia ra – すぐここだよ
  • ari ’dia! – こっちへ、ほらここ!
  • dia diay – あ、ここにあった

詳しい使い方

  1. 提示・紹介 – 人や物を示すとき:Dia ang susi.
  2. 注意喚起 – 驚きを込めて diay と併用:Dia diay ka!
  3. 手渡し – 物を渡しながら Adia!
  4. 前置詞と組み合わせない。「〜の上にある」は naa sa mesa を用いる。

注意点
dia の後に場所句を直接続けない。
• 遠い/聞き手側の物には使わず、diha / didto などを使う。
• 主語を省略しない:dia si/ang ___ の形を守る。

例文と品詞分解

セブアノ語日本語訳品詞分解
Dia si Carlos sa gawas.カルロスが外にいる。dia(存在)ここに • si(標識)人名 • Carlos(名)カルロス • sa(前)〜に • gawas(名)外
Adia ra ang imong kape.あなたのコーヒーはここですよ。adia(存在)ここに • ra(副)だけ • ang(冠)その • imong(所有)あなたの • kape(名)コーヒー
Dia diay ang kwarta nga gipangita nimo.探していたお金はここにあった!dia(存在)ここに • diay(助)意外感 • ang(冠)その • kwarta(名)お金 • nga(連結)〜する • gipangita(動分詞)探した • nimo(代)あなたが

まとめ
dia / adia は「ここにある/いる」を表す便利な提示表現。述語の冒頭に置き、すぐ後に対象を続ける。聞き手側や遠方を指す場合は別の指示詞 (diaha / didto 等) を使い分けるのがポイント。

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