English — “ilaha”
Part of speech & core meaning
- Possessive pronoun (used independently, does not directly modify a noun)
- Means “theirs” → belonging to them (third-person plural)
Contracted / variant forms
- No contraction; ilaha is the full standard form.
Position in a sentence
- Usually at the end of the sentence or after verbs:
Common phrases (collocations)
- ilaha ni – This is theirs
- ilaha na – It’s theirs now
- ilaha lang – Only theirs
- ilaha ra – Exclusively theirs
Detailed usage
- ilaha shows ownership by multiple people (they/them).
- Used when you clearly want to show that something belongs to a group of people other than you or the listener.
- It contrasts with among/amoa (“ours”) and inyoha (“yours, plural”).
Common mistakes
- Using ilaha before a noun (❌ ilaha balay → ✔ ilang balay).
- Mixing ilaha (possessive) with ila/nila (subject/object forms).
- Using ilaha as a subject pronoun (❌ ilaha moadto → ✔ sila moadto).
| Cebuano sentence | English meaning | POS breakdown |
|---|---|---|
| Ilang balay kini, ilaha ni. | This is their house; this is theirs. | ilang (DET) their • balay (N) house • kini (DEM) this • ilaha (PRON) theirs • ni (DEM) this |
| Dili kini amoa, ilaha na ni karon. | This isn’t ours; it’s now theirs. | dili (NEG) not • kini (DEM) this • amoa (PRON) ours-excl • ilaha (PRON) theirs • na (ADV) already • ni (DEM) this • karon (ADV) now |
| Kinsa’y tag-iya ani? Ilaha gihapon ni. | Who owns this? It’s still theirs. | kinsa’y (WH) who • tag-iya (N) owner • ani (DEM) this • ilaha (PRON) theirs • gihapon (ADV) still • ni (DEM) this |
Plain-English summary
- ilaha = “theirs” (belonging to them). It is always used independently and never directly before a noun. Do not confuse with ilang (which modifies nouns) or with sila (subject) and nila (object).
日本語 —「ilaha」
品詞と基本的意味
- 所有代名詞（名詞を伴わず単独で使用）
- 意味は 「彼らのもの／彼女たちのもの」
短縮形・変形
- 短縮形はなく、常に ilaha を使用。
文中での位置
- 文末や動詞の後に置く：
よく使うフレーズ
詳しい使い方
- 第三者複数（彼ら／彼女たち）の所有を明確に表す。
- 話し手や聞き手以外のグループに対して「彼らのもの」を示したいときに使う。
- among/amoa（私たちのもの）、inyoha（あなたたちのもの）と区別する。
よくある間違い
- ilaha を名詞の直前に置く（❌ ilaha balay → ✔ ilang balay）。
- ilaha（所有代名詞）と ila/nila（主語・目的語形）を混同する。
- ilaha を主語として使う（❌ ilaha moadto → ✔ sila moadto（彼らが行く））。
| セブアノ語 | 日本語訳 | 品詞分解 |
|---|---|---|
| Ilang balay kini, ilaha ni. | これは彼らの家、彼らのものです。 | ilang（所有）彼らの • balay（名）家 • kini（指示）これ • ilaha（代）彼らのもの • ni（指示）これ |
| Dili kini amoa, ilaha na ni karon. | これは私たちのものではなく、今は彼らのものです。 | dili（否定）～でない • kini（指示）これ • amoa（代）私たちのもの • ilaha（代）彼らのもの • na（副）すでに • ni（指示）これ • karon（副）今 |
| Kinsa’y tag-iya ani? Ilaha gihapon ni. | これは誰の？まだ彼らのものです。 | kinsa’y（疑問）誰が • tag-iya（名）所有者 • ani（指示）これ • ilaha（代）彼らのもの • gihapon（副）まだ • ni（指示）これ |
まとめ
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