▸ 1. Part of Speech & Meaning
• Part of speech: numeral / determiner
• Meaning: “thirty”
Katloan ka estudyante ang mipasar sa eksámen.
→ Thirty students passed the exam.
Nag-order ko og katloan ka cupcakes.
→ I ordered thirty cupcakes.
Katloan ra ko ka minuto nag-huwat.
→ I waited only thirty minutes.
▸ 2. Cebuano or Spanish?
▸ 3. How the Two Sets Are Used
| Scene | katloan | traynta |
|---|---|---|
| Counting things / people | ✓ | — |
| 24-h time “30:00” (not used) | — | — |
| Money totals, phone digits, IDs | — | ✓ |
| Ordinal | ika-katloan (= 30ᵗʰ) | Spanish ordinals almost never used |
▸ 4. How to Use katloan
katloan ka + Noun
Katloan ka tiket among gipalit.
- Mini-phrases: katloan ra (only 30) • katloan pa (30 more)
- Frequency: Katloan ka beses siya mi-praktis sa usa ka tuig.
- Ordinal: ika-katloan — the 30ᵗʰ
▸ 5. Five Common Pitfalls
- Missing ka: ✗ katloan mansanas
- Double plural mark: ✗ katloan ka mga tawo
- Switching to traynta inside a “native” sentence
- Reversing order: ✗ mansanas katloan ka
- Using cardinal instead of ordinal (sa katloan adlaw vs ika-katloan ka adlaw)
▸ 6. Handy Collocations
- katloan ka ___ — thirty …
- katloan ra — only 30
- katloan pa — 30 more
- ika-katloan — 30ᵗʰ
- sa katloan ka adlaw — in thirty days
▸ 7. Learner Alerts
- Phone digits: most say traynta / “thirty,” not katloan.
- Pronounce: /kat-LO-an/ (stress on lo).
- Avoid Tagalog tatlumpu.
- Use mga, hapit for approximate counts.
▸ 8. Ready-Made Phrases
• Katloan ra mi kabuok karon.
• Pwede ko mangayo og katloan pa ka kutsara?
• Katloan na lang ang nahibilin.
• Magkita ta mga katloan ka oras gikan karon.
• Katloan ka beses nako gisulayan—nakaya ra gyud!
▸ 9. Mini-Dialogues
| # | A (Question) | B (Answer) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tag-pila ang katloan ka mangga? | Siyento singkwenta pesos ra tanan.Only ₱150 for all 30. |
| 2 | Katloan ba ka adlaw ka mag-bakasyon? | Oo, katloan ra ko ka adlaw libre.Exactly thirty days. |
| 3 | Naa kay katloan ka tiket? | Wala, kawhaan ug siyam ra ang nabilin.Only twenty-nine left. |
| 4 | Katloan na ka tuig ta nag-kaila, noh? | Sakto, katloan ka tuig na gyud.Thirty years indeed. |
| 5 | Mopalit ta og katloan ka botelya? | Murag daghan; baynti-singko lang siguro.Maybe twenty-five is enough. |
▸ 10. Multiple-Choice Questions
Q1. Katloan ba ka libro imong gipalit?
A Katloan ka libro akong gipalit.
B Libro katloan ka akong gipalit.
C Gipalit ko katloan ka libro.
Q2. Katloan ba mo ka adlaw mag-puyo dinhi?
A Mag-puyo dinhi mo katloan ka adlaw.
B Dinhi katloan ka adlaw mo mag-puyo.
C Mo mag-puyo dinhi katloan ka adlaw.
Q3. Katloan ba ka bata ang nag-dula sa gawas?
A Sa gawas nag-dula katloan ka bata.
B Katloan ka bata nag-dula sa gawas.
C Nag-dula katloan ka bata sa gawas.
Q4. Katloan ba ta ka botelya ang paliton?
A Ta katloan ka botelya paliton.
B Paliton ta katloan ka botelya.
C Botelya katloan ka paliton ta.
Q5. Katloan ba sila ka beses ni-adto didto?
A Katloan ka beses sila didto ni-adto.
B Ni-adto sila didto katloan ka beses.
C Didto sila katloan ka beses ni-adto.
▸ Answer Key
- Q1 → A — Numeral phrase precedes subject + verb; B & C scramble elements.
- Q2 → C — Pattern “subject helper mo + verb + place + numeral” sounds natural; others off.
- Q3 → B — Subject phrase then verb is idiomatic; A & C awkward placement.
- Q4 → B — Imperative Paliton ta plus object is correct; A & C misorder pieces.
- Q5 → A — Frequency phrase at sentence start is acceptable; others invert clause parts unnaturally.
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