▸ 1. Part of Speech & Meaning
• Part of speech: numeral / determiner
• Meaning: “twenty-one”
Kawhaan ug usa ka estudyante ang nidawat sa award.
→ Twenty-one students received the award.
Nag-order ko og kawhaan ug usa ka ensaymada.
→ I ordered twenty-one ensaymada buns.
Kawhaan ug usa ra ko ka minuto nag-huwat.
→ I waited only twenty-one minutes.
▸ 2. Cebuano or Spanish?
- Native (Cebuano): kawhaan ug usa
- Spanish-based: baynti-uno (bente-uno)
▸ 3. Where Each Form Is Used
| Scene | kawhaan ug usa | baynti-uno |
|---|---|---|
| Counting objects / people | ✓ | — |
| 24-h time “21:00” | — | “baynti-uno” or “nuebe sa gabii” |
| Money, phone digits, IDs | — | ✓ |
| Ordinal | ika-kawhaan ug usa | Spanish ordinals seldom used |
▸ 4. How to Use kawhaan ug usa
kawhaan ug usa ka + Noun
Kawhaan ug usa ka tiket among gipalit.
- Short forms: kawhaan ug usa ra (only 21) / kawhaan ug usa pa (21 more)
- Frequency: Kawhaan ug usa ka beses siya mi-praktis sa usa ka tuig.
- Ordinal: ika-kawhaan ug usa = 21ˢᵗ
▸ 5. Five Common Pitfalls
- Missing ka → ✗ kawhaan ug usa mansanas
- Double plural → ✗ kawhaan ug usa ka mga tawo
- Mixing baynti-uno in an otherwise native sentence
- Reversing order → ✗ mansanas kawhaan ug usa ka
- Using cardinal when ordinal is needed
▸ 6. Quick Collocations
- kawhaan ug usa ka ___ — twenty-one …
- kawhaan ug usa ra — only 21
- kawhaan ug usa pa — 21 more
- ika-kawhaan ug usa — 21ˢᵗ
- sa kawhaan ug usa ka adlaw — in twenty-one days
▸ 7. Learner Alerts
- Phone digits: speakers say baynti-uno / “twenty-one,” not kawhaan ug usa.
- Pronounce: /ka-WA-han ug U-sa/ (stress on wa).
- Avoid Tagalog dalawampu’t isa.
- Prefer mga, hapit for approximations.
▸ 8. Ready-Made Phrases
• Kawhaan ug usa ra mi kabuok karon.
• Pwede ko mangayo og kawhaan ug usa pa ka kutsara?
• Kawhaan ug usa na lang ang nahibilin.
• Magkita ta mga kawhaan ug usa ka oras gikan karon.
• Kawhaan ug usa ka beses nako gisulayan—nakaya ra gyud!
▸ 9. Mini-Dialogues
| # | A (Question) | B (Answer) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tag-pila ang kawhaan ug usa ka mangga? | Siyento bente pesos ra tanan.Only ₱120 for all 21. |
| 2 | Kawhaan ug usa ba ka adlaw ka mag-bakasyon? | Oo, kawhaan ug usa ra ko ka adlaw libre.Exactly twenty-one days. |
| 3 | Naa kay kawhaan ug usa ka tiket? | Wala, kawhaan ra ang nabilin.Only twenty left. |
| 4 | Kawhaan ug usa na ka tuig ta nag-kaila, noh? | Sakto, kawhaan ug usa ka tuig na gyud.Twenty-one years indeed. |
| 5 | Mopalit ta og kawhaan ug usa ka botelya? | Murag daghan; baynte lang siguro.Maybe twenty is enough. |
▸ 10. Multiple-Choice Dialogue Questions
Q1. Kawhaan ug usa ba ka libro imong gipalit?
A Libro kawhaan ug usa ka akong gipalit.
B Kawhaan ug usa ka libro akong gipalit.
C Gipalit ko kawhaan ug usa ka libro.
Q2. Kawhaan ug usa ba mo ka adlaw mag-puyo dinhi?
A Mag-puyo dinhi mo kawhaan ug usa ka adlaw.
B Dinhi kawhaan ug usa ka adlaw mo mag-puyo.
C Mo mag-puyo dinhi kawhaan ug usa ka adlaw.
Q3. Kawhaan ug usa ba ka bata ang nag-dula sa gawas?
A Sa gawas nag-dula kawhaan ug usa ka bata.
B Kawhaan ug usa ka bata nag-dula sa gawas.
C Nag-dula kawhaan ug usa ka bata sa gawas.
Q4. Kawhaan ug usa ba ta ka botelya ang paliton?
A Botelya kawhaan ug usa ka paliton ta.
B Ta kawhaan ug usa ka botelya paliton.
C Paliton ta kawhaan ug usa ka botelya.
Q5. Kawhaan ug usa ba sila ka beses ni-adto didto?
A Didto sila kawhaan ug usa ka beses ni-adto.
B Kawhaan ug usa ka beses sila didto ni-adto.
C Ni-adto sila didto kawhaan ug usa ka beses.
▸ Answer Key
- Q1 → B — Numeral phrase before subject + verb; A & C mis-order elements.
- Q2 → A — Natural order “verb + place + subject + numeral.”
- Q3 → B — Subject kawhaan ug usa ka bata then verb is idiomatic.
- Q4 → C — Imperative Paliton ta followed by object is correct.
- Q5 → C — Frequency phrase at sentence end flows smoothly.
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