kwarenta’y singko

1. Part of Speech, Meaning, and Example Sentences

• Part of Speech: numeral (cardinal)
• Meaning: “kwarenta’y singko” = forty-five (45)
• Example Sentences
  • Naay kwarenta’y singko ka estudyante sa klase. – There are forty-five students in the class.
  • Mopalit siya ug kwarenta’y singko ka itlog. – She will buy forty-five eggs.
  • Ang plete kay kwarenta’y singko pesos. – The fare is forty-five pesos.

2. Number Origin

• Spanish-based loanword (from Spanish cuarenta y cinco).
• The native Bisaya form is kap-atan ug lima.

3. Cebuano- vs Spanish-Based Numbers

• Native series (e.g., kap-atan = 40, kap-atan ug lima = 45) appears in formal counting lessons, traditional literature, and some rural speech.
• Spanish series (kwarenta, kwarenta’y singko, kwarenta’y sais …) dominates in
  • money, prices, and wages
  • dates, page numbers, and time expressions
  • everyday urban conversation and broadcast media
• Speakers avoid mixing systems within the same compound number (say kwarenta’y singko, not kap-atan ug singko).

4. Detailed Usage Notes

• Spoken contractions “korenta’y singko” or “kuwarenta singko” are common; “kwarenta’y singko” is the standard spelling in formal Cebuano.
• Always add the classifier ka before a counted noun: kwarenta’y singko ka tawo.
• For time, insert ug/og after the hour: alas tres ug kwarenta’y singko (3:45).
• Can stand alone as a quick reply about price or quantity: “Kwarenta’y singko.”

5. Five Common Pitfalls

1. Writing korenta’y singko in formal writing instead of kwarenta’y singko.
2. Mixing native and Spanish roots in one number (kap-atan ug singko ✗).
3. Misplacing stress (kwá-ren-ta’y síng-ko, not kwa-ren-táy sing-kó).
4. Omitting ka with counted nouns (kwarenta’y singko libro ✗ → kwarenta’y singko ka libro ✓).
5. Forgetting the unit in money (kwarenta’y singko ✗ → kwarenta’y singko pesos ✓).

6. Common Collocations

• kwarenta’y singko pesos – forty-five pesos
• kwarenta’y singko ka minuto – forty-five minutes
• kwarenta’y singko anyos – forty-five years old
• kwarenta’y singko ka adlaw – forty-five days
• kwarenta’y singko ka estudyante – forty-five students
• kwarenta’y singko ka piraso – forty-five pieces

7. Common Mistakes to Watch For

• Misspelling as cuarenta y cinco or korenta singko.
• Adding mga before the numeral (mga kwarenta’y singko ka …).
• Forgetting ug in time expressions (alas dose kwarenta’y singko ✗).
• Saying kwarenta lima for 45 instead of kwarenta’y singko.
• Using Arabic numerals inside Cebuano syntax in formal contexts (45 ka minuto).

8. Five Frequent Conversational Phrases

• Kwarenta’y singko tanan. – It is forty-five in total.
• Na-late ko ug kwarenta’y singko ka minuto. – I was forty-five minutes late.
• Kwarenta’y singko ra gyod! – Make it just forty-five!
• Kwarenta’y singko ang akong edad. – I am forty-five years old.
• Quota kay kwarenta’y singko ka buok. – The quota is forty-five pieces.

9. Five Simple Everyday Conversation Exchanges

1. A: Pila ang pamasahe? – How much is the fare?
   B: Kwarenta’y singko pesos ra. – Only forty-five pesos.
2. A: Tag-pila ning mangga? – How much are these mangoes?
   B: Kwarenta’y singko pesos ang kilo. – Forty-five pesos per kilo.
3. A: Unsa kadugay ang pelikula? – How long is the movie?
   B: Mga kwarenta’y singko ka minuto. – About forty-five minutes.
4. A: Pila kabuok bisita? – How many guests?
   B: Naay kwarenta’y singko ka bisita. – There are forty-five guests.
5. A: Unsang oras nagsugod ang klase? – What time did the class start?
   B: Alas nuwebe ug kwarenta’y singko. – At 9:45.

10. Multiple-Choice Dialogue Questions

Q1. Pila ang imong allowance? – How much is your allowance?
A. Kwarenta’y singko pesos akong allowance.
B. Allowance akong kwarenta’y singko pesos.
C. Pesos allowance kwarenta’y singko akong.

Q2. Pila ka adlaw ang workshop? – How many days is the workshop?
A. Kwarenta’y singko ka adlaw.
B. Ka adlaw kwarenta’y singko.
C. Kwarenta’y singko adlaw ka.

Q3. Unsa kadugay ang biyahe? – How long is the trip?
A. Kwarenta’y singko ka minuto ang biyahe.
B. Ka minuto kwarenta’y singko ang biyahe.
C. Ang biyahe kwarenta’y singko ka minuto ang.

Q4. Pila kabuok estudyante sa klase? – How many students are in the class?
A. Kwarenta’y singko ka estudyante naa.
B. Estudyante kwarenta’y singko ka naa.
C. Naa kwarenta’y singko ka estudyante ka.

Q5. Unsang oras ka miabot? – What time did you arrive?
A. Alas dos ug kwarenta’y singko ko miabot.
B. Ko miabot kwarenta’y singko ug alas dos.
C. Miabot ko kwarenta’y singko alas dos ug.

Answer Key

• Q1 – A: Correct order: numeral + pesos + possessive phrase.
• Q2 – A: Follows pattern numeral + ka + noun.
• Q3 – A: Proper sequence: numeral + ka + minutes + topic noun.
• Q4 – A: Numeral phrase precedes existential naa.
• Q5 – A: Correct Cebuano time format “Alas [hour] ug [minutes]”.