日本語の説明は英語の後にあります。
1. Part of Speech, Usage
- Part of Speech
“niya” is a third‐person singular non-subject pronoun (object / possessive). - Basic Usage
It marks “by him/her,” “to him/her,” or “of him/her” after a verb or preposition.
2. Contracted Form
- No shortened form.
3. Sentence Position
“niya” always comes immediately after a verb or a preposition—never as the subject.
- ✅ Correct: Gihatag niya ang libro.
- ❌ Incorrect: Niya gihatag ang libro.
- ❌ Incorrect as subject: Niya nagluto. (should be “Siya ang nagluto.”)
4. Common Phrases (Collocations)
- gihatag niya = he/she gave (it)
- para niya = for him/her
- gikan niya = from him/her
- gikuha niya = he/she took (it)
- Wala ko nagdahom ana niya. = I didn’t expect that from him/her
5. Detailed Usage
- Agent of an action
- Recipient (with prepositions)
- Para niya kini.
(“This is for him/her.”)
- Para niya kini.
- Possession after verbs
Visually:
[Verb] + niya → Who did it? → by him/her
[Prep] + niya → For whom? → to him/her
6. Common Mistakes
- Using “niya” as the subject
❌ Niya nagluto.
✅ Siya ang nagluto. (“He/she was the one who cooked.”) - Word-order slip
❌ Niya gihatag ang libro.
✅ Gihatag niya ang libro. - Mixing with “imo”/“niya”
7. Example Sentences
8. Parts-of-Speech Breakdown
| Cebuano Sentence | Part | English gloss |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Gihatag niya ang regalo sa bata. | Gihatag (V) = gave | |
| niya (PR) = by him/her | ||
| ang (ART) = the | ||
| regalo (N) = gift | ||
| sa (PREP) = to the/of the | ||
| bata (N) = child | ||
| 2. Para niya kini nga bulak. | Para (PREP) = for | |
| niya (PR) = him/her | ||
| kini (DEM) = this | ||
| nga (LINK) = (links modifier) | ||
| bulak (N) = flower | ||
| 3. Gikuha niya ang kwarta gikan sa bag. | Gikuha (V) = took | |
| niya (PR) = by him/her | ||
| ang (ART) = the | ||
| kwarta (N) = money | ||
| gikan sa (PREP) = from the | ||
| bag (N) = bag |
9: Multiple-Choice Dialogue Questions Using “niya”
Choose the correct word order option
Q1. Asa ang balay niya?
A. Ang balay niya naa sa Lapu-Lapu.
B. Naa sa Lapu-Lapu ang niya balay.
C. Ang niya balay naa sa Lapu-Lapu.
Q2. Nakakita ka niya ganiha?
A. Nakakita ganiha niya ko sa merkado.
B. Nakakita ko niya ganiha sa merkado.
C. Ganiha nakakita ko sa merkado niya.
Q3. Unsa ang pangalan niya?
A. Ang niya pangalan Maria.
B. Maria ang pangalan niya.
C. Ang pangalan Maria niya si.
Q4. Ngano ni-tawag ka niya?
A. Ni-tawag ko niya kay naay emergency.
B. Ko ni-tawag kay niya naay emergency.
C. Ni-tawag kay naay ko emergency niya.
Q5. Kinsa ang kuyog niya karon?
A. Karon ang iyang igsoon kuyog niya.
B. Kuyog niya karon ang iyang igsoon.
C. Ang kuyog iyang igsoon niya karon.
Answer Key & Explanations
| Question | Correct Choice | Why it’s correct (simple English) | Why the others are wrong |
|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | A | Follows normal Cebuano order: subject/theme first (“Ang balay niya”), then predicate (“naa sa Lapu-Lapu”). | B & C place possessive niya before the noun it owns, breaking the natural “noun + niya” pattern. |
| Q2 | B | Verb-Actor-Object order: “Nakakita ko niya ganiha …”. | A puts niya before the verb; C strands niya at the end far from the verb it relates to. |
| Q3 | B | Predicate-Subject style: “Maria” (predicate) + “ang pangalan niya” (subject). | A separates niya from its noun; C scrambles noun order and adds extra “si,” making it ungrammatical. |
| Q4 | A | Verb-Actor-Object again: “Ni-tawag ko niya kay …”. | B & C move niya away from the verb or split verb parts, so the sentence sounds broken. |
| Q5 | B | Starts with predicate “Kuyog niya karon” followed by the subject “ang iyang igsoon.” | A uses marked (“Ang …”) order that is acceptable but unnatural for “kuyog,” while C jumbles word order and places niya after an unrelated noun. |
