1 Part of speech, core meaning, and example sentences
| Role | Cebuano sirado | Core English sense |
|---|---|---|
| Verb (root) | sirado — “to close, shut, switch off” | |
| Adjective | sirado — “closed, shut, switched-off” |
Predicate word order (verb) – Conjugated sirado comes first, then the clitic actor-pronoun:
Mo-sirado ko sa bintana kay kusog ang hangin.
I’ll close the window because the wind is strong.
| Cebuano example | English translation |
|---|---|
| Mo-sirado ko ug libro pagkahuman basa. | I will close the book after reading. |
| Nag-sirado sila sa tindahan alas-otso sa gabii. | They are closing the shop at eight in the evening. |
| Gi-sirad-an sa guwardiya ang gate human sa oras. | The guard shut the gate after hours. |
2 Verb derivations of sirado
| Form | Voice & aspect | Typical translation | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|
| mag-sirado | Actor-focus, habitual / future | “will usually close” | Mag-sirado siya ug PC kada gabii. |
| mo-sirado | Actor-focus, non-past / imperative | “will close; close it!” | Mo-sirado ta karon, ha. |
| nag-sirado | Actor-focus, progressive | “is / was closing” | Nag-sirado ko pag-abot nimo. |
| ni-sirado / mi-sirado | Actor-focus, completed past | “closed / shut” | Ni-sirado sila sa portahan kagahapon. |
| gi-sirad-an | Patient- / locative-focus, completed past | “was closed by … / was shut on …” | Gi-sirad-an sa hangin ang pultahan. |
| sirad-on (-on) | Patient-focus, future / imp. | “to be closed / shut it” | Sirad-on nato ang file kung human na. |
| sirad-i / sirad-an (-i / -an) | Beneficiary / locative | “to close for / close on” | Sirad-i ko palihog sa banga ang takup. |
Note: Spoken Cebuano often shortens sirado to sira (mo-sira ko sa bintana). Conjugation and usage stay the same.
3 Typical sentence slots
- Actor focus Mo-sirado ko ug suga sa gawas.
- Patient focus Gi-sirad-an ang tindahan sa alas-nuebe.
- Beneficiary / locative Sirad-i siya sa pultahan kung tugnaw.
4 Common collocations
- sirado ang tindahan — the shop is closed
- mag-sirado og computer — shut down a computer
- walay sirado — never closes / always open
- gi-sirad-an sa bagyo — closed because of a storm
- sirad-on nga bintana — window to be shut
5 How sirado is used
- Physical closure – doors, windows, lids, switches (mo-sirado sa suga = turn the light off).
- Business hours – sirado ang opisina (“office closed”), opposite of abli.
- Electronic devices – close apps, shut down PCs, turn off lights/fans.
- Adjectival use – follows the noun: portahan sirado (“door is closed”).
- Figurative – “closed-minded” → sirado nga huna-huna.
- Politeness – add palihog: Sirad-i palihog ang bintana.
6 Common mistakes & how to avoid them
| Mistake | Why wrong | Correct form |
|---|---|---|
| Mo-sirado ako sa gate. | Pronoun should follow the verb. | Mo-sirado ko sa gate. |
| Gi-sirado ko ang TV. | gi- form needs genitive actor (ni / sa). | Gi-sirad-an ni ko ang TV. |
| Sirad-on ta siya! | Beneficiary imperative needs sirad-i. | Sirad-i siya! |
| Nag-sirado sa lights | Missing actor subject. | Nag-sirado ang janitor sa lights. |
7 Everyday phrases
- “Sirad-i ang pultahan, palihog.” — “Please close the door.”
- “Sirado pa ang botika, alas-nuebe pa abli.” — “The pharmacy is still closed; it opens at nine.”
- “Ni-sirado na ang file? — “Have you closed the file already?”
- “Ayaw usa pag-sirado, naa pa ko sa gawas.” — “Don’t close it yet; I’m still outside.”
- “Mag-sirado ta sa mga tabs aron di mag-lag.” — “Let’s close the tabs so it won’t lag.”
8 Short everyday conversations
- A: Mo-sirado ka ba sa air-con kung bugnaw na? — Will you switch off the air-con when it’s cool enough?
B: Oo, sirad-on nako dayon. — Yes, I’ll shut it off right away. - A: Nag-sirado na ba ang banko? — Has the bank already closed?
B: Dili pa, alas-kwatro pa man sirado. — Not yet; it closes at four. - A: Sirad-i ko palihog sa bintana kay kusog ang hangin. — Please close the window for me; the wind is strong.
B: Sige, karon ra. — Sure, right now. - A: Ni-sirado diay ka sa app? — You closed the app?
B: Oo, nag-crash man gud. — Yes, it crashed. - A: Mag-sirado ta og mga lights inig gawas nato? — Shall we turn off the lights when we leave?
B: Sakto, para makatigom sa kuryente. — Right, to save electricity.
Use sirado confidently to talk about closing things—doors, businesses, apps—or describing something that is shut in Cebuano everyday conversation.
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