« Back to Glossary Index 1 Part of speech, core meaning, sentence position, and example sentences Part of speech Verb (root): tuon to study, learn, focus on”Common noun: tuon Sentence-position rule tuon Mo-tuon ko sa eksam karong gabii.Example sentences Mo-tuon ko sa librarya ugma buntag. — I will study in the library tomorrow morning.Mo-tuon – Verb, actor focus, future aspectko – Personal pronoun, first-person singular clitic (actor)sa librarya – Locative phrase (place)ugma buntag – Adverbial phrase “tomorrow morning”Nag-tuon sila og matematika kada gabi-i. — They are studying mathematics every night.Nag-tuon – Verb, actor focus, progressive/habitual aspectsila og matematika – Object phrase “mathematics”kada gabi-i – Adverbial phrase “every night”Gi-tuonan sa maestra ang pronunciation sa mga estudyante . — The pronunciation of the students was focused on by the teacher.Gi-tuonan – Verb, patient focus, past aspectsa maestra – Genitive phrase (actor)ang pronunciation sa mga estudyante – Noun phrase (patient)2 Verb derivations of tuon Form Voice & aspect Typical translation Sample sentence mag-tuon Actor focus, habitual / future “will be studying; usually study” Mag-tuon sila ug English kada Sabado. — They study English every Saturday.mo-tuon Actor focus, non-past / imperative “will study; study!” Mo-tuon ta karon, ha. — Let’s study now, okay.nag-tuon Actor focus, progressive / recent past “is / was studying” Nag-tuon ko pag-text nimo . — I was studying when you texted.mi-tuon / ni -tuon Actor focus, completed past “studied” Ni -tuon siya ug kusog kagabii.gi-tuon Patient focus, completed past “was studied (by …)” Gi-tuon sa grupo ang kaso. — The case was studied by the group.tu-onon (-on )Patient focus, future / imperative “to be studied / study it” Tu-onon nato ang bagong leksyon ugma. — We’ll study the new lesson tomorrow.tu-onan (-an )Locative / beneficiary focus “to study at / focus on someone” Tu-oni ang tema sa report. — Focus on the theme of the report.
(Hyphen shown only to highlight affixes.)
3 Common phrases tuon sa leksyonmag-tuon og kusog — study hardtu-onon nga topiko — topic to be studiedgi-tuon sa siyentista — studied by the scientisttuon sa Bibliya4 Detailed usage notes Actor-focus dominance – Everyday talk uses mo-/nag-/ni -tuon when the learner is central.Patient focus – gi-tuon , tu-onon highlight the subject matter: gi-tuon sa klase ang grammar .Locative/beneficiary focus – tu-onan / tu-oni emphasizes where or what to concentrate on: tu-oni ang weak points .As a noun – tuon importante ang tuon sa kasaysayan “history study is important.”Reduplication – tuon -tuon 5 Common mistakes & things to look out for Mistake Why it’s wrong Correct form Mo-tuon ako ug science. Clitic pronoun must follow the verb. Mo-tuon ko ug science. Gi-tuon ko ang report. With gi- , actor must be genitive (ni / sa Gi-tuon ni Tu-onon ta siya ! Beneficiary/locative command needs tu-oni / tu-ona . Tu-oni siya !
6 Short everyday conversations A: Unsa imong tu-onon karon? — What will you study now?B: Mo-tuon ko sa chemistry para sa exam. — I’ll study chemistry for the exam.A: Nag-tuon pa ba ka? — Are you still studying?B: Oo, hapit na ko mahuman. — Yes, I’m almost done.A: Tu-oni palihog ang pronunciation sa word. — Please focus on the pronunciation of the word.B: Sige, ako nang balik -balikon. — Okay, I’ll repeat it.A: Nganong ni -tuon ka ug kagabii? — Why did you study last night?B: Para andam ko sa quiz karon buntag. — So I’m ready for the quiz this morning.A: Mag-tuon ta og grupo ugma? — Shall we study as a group tomorrow?B: Oo, mas dali ko makasabot kung mag-tuon ta tanan. — Yes, I understand better when we all study together.« Back to Glossary Index 
